So we should be careful of thinking of these categories as clear cut or distinct. Natural heritage is most often thought about in terms of landscapes and ecological systems, but it is comprised of features such as plants, animals, natural landscapes and landforms, oceans and water bodies.
Natural heritage is valued for its aesthetic qualities, its contribution to ecological, biological and geological processes and its provision of natural habitats for the conservation of biodiversity. In the same way that we perceive both tangible and intangible aspects of cultural heritage, we could also speak of the tangible aspects of natural heritage the plants, animals and landforms alongside the intangible its aesthetic qualities and its contribution to biodiversity.
The element of potential or real threat to heritage — of destruction, loss or decay — links heritage historically and politically with the conservation movement. Even where a building or object is under no immediate threat of destruction, its listing on a heritage register is an action which assumes a potential threat at some time in the future, from which it is being protected by legislation or listing.
The connection between heritage and threat will become more important in the later part of this course.
Heritage is a term that is also quite often used to describe a set of values, or principles, which relate to the past. These values are implicit in cultural heritage management. Making the decision to study can be a big step, which is why you'll want a trusted University. Take a look at all Open University courses. If you are new to University-level study, we offer two introductory routes to our qualifications.
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Every year, thousands of students decide to study with The Open University. Request an Open University prospectus OpenLearn works with other organisations by providing free courses and resources that support our mission of opening up educational opportunities to more people in more places. All rights reserved. We rely on healthy ecosystems for nutrition and food security, clean air and fresh water. Heritage is fragile , it delivers so much in terms of important human experience and enjoyment.
It enriches our lives, allows us to define ourselves but needs constant protection and development. It is essential that the significance of our heritage is acknowledged by government and reflected in appropriate and reformed structures and increased funding. This will ensure that the best elements of our heritage will be passed on to our children and their children in turn. Our heritage comprises: the tangible - our historical sites, buildings, monuments, objects in museum artefacts and archives.
About us. Special themes. Major programmes. For the Press. Help preserve sites now! Join the , Members. The Criteria for Selection To be included on the World Heritage List, sites must be of outstanding universal value and meet at least one out of ten selection criteria. The Committee considers that this criterion should preferably be used in conjunction with other criteria ; vii to contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance; viii to be outstanding examples representing major stages of earth's history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features; ix to be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and animals; x to contain the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation.
Operational Guidelines year Cultural criteria Natural criteria i ii iii iv v vi i ii iii iv i ii iii iv v vi viii ix vii x. Decisions 10 32COM 8B. Add , 2. The protection, management, authenticity and integrity of properties are also important considerations. A more detailed description of each criterion can be found in the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention, Pages This is a list that each State Party will pull from when nominating a site for inscription.
If a State finds that a site within their boundaries qualifies as having Outstanding Universal Value and demonstrates one of the ten criteria, it may choose to present a nomination file for that site.
This file is extensive, including items such as maps, thematic studies, property history, and other necessary documentation needed to prove the Outstanding Universal Value of the site. State Parties are encouraged to seek contributions from local inhabitants, governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, and other people who may be interested or have information regarding the site.
Once the file is submitted, the Advisory Bodies must approve it, before sent to the World Heritage Committee. This Committee meets once per year and determines which sites meet the Outstanding Universal Value criteria necessary for Inscription. It has the power to reject or defer a decision, and also can remove sites from the list if they no longer meet the mandatory criteria. However, inscription is only the beginning of the story. Once Inscribed on the World Heritage List, the State has agreed to an enduring obligation to ensure the management, conservation, and monitoring of its site s.
They must assess the sites every six years, writing reports on the state of the site and the measures established for the purpose of preservation and conservation. Inscription on this list allows the Committee to allocate funds from the World Heritage Fund for immediate assistance, and also serves to alert the world to the problems at hand with the hope of encouraging increased conservation and preservation efforts.
After studying the stressed reefs and effects of overfishing, runoff, and military presence in the American Territory of Guam, the class is now conducting multiple species surveys within the restricted Ngderrak Marine Protected Area for the State of Koror in Palau, diving in and around the World Heritage Site, with special permission by the Governor of Koror.
This area is of mixed cultural and natural heritage, and contains volcanically formed islands surrounded by delicate coral reefs. Prior to the trip across the Pacific, we spent a week on Catalina Island off the coast of California finishing up dive training and participating in lectures conducted by our five instructors and two teaching assistants. In these lectures, we studied marine species and the biology of coral reefs, as well as compared the marine governance in Catalina a top-down approach to that of Palau.
Heavily rooted in tradition, Palau exhibits strong cultural and family ties to their coral reefs and marine areas, and thus demonstrates overwhelming support of the Marine Protected Areas and the regulation of the World Heritage Site.
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