For some Hmong, the attire is a loose-fitting robe made of black or natural hemp or cotton. Conflicting Views. There are conflicting views within the Christian Hmong-American community as to whether ancestral attire is appropriate for Christians.
Differing opinion are also held by leaders within the various denominations. Some Christians choose to adhere to this practice, believing the funeral attire is symbolic of culture rather than specific spiritual beliefs. A funeral of this length means that the deceased is a well-respected person and has lived a wonderful life. The family members of the deceased will stay at the funeral for the entirety of the three days and nights and comfort each other.
When entering into a funeral home, you may see lots of heart-shaped and circular-shaped memorials made from the paper money, money that is of no use to humans but is valuable in the afterlife. A number of roles are important to the funeral process. There are the niam ua mo v, literally "women who cook.
There is also a tus ntaub nruab , a man who plays the large drum called the the nruab. Other women have experienced infertility or have developed cancer after using this method and attribute it to the birth control pills. For those using hormonal contraceptives, the skin patch is popular due to its convenience in both use and ability to take oneself off the medication. Others may choose to use Chinese-made monthly estrogen-progesterone pills from Asian pharmacies.
Herbal medications are usually taken after delivery to prevent future pregnancies or for permanent prevention of contraception. Some Hmong believe that these herbs cause permanent dark spots on the skin, identifying the women who use them.
Some prefer this method because they believe it causes less harm than Western methods of birth control. It can be interpreted to mean the natural method, "the Hmong way", abstinence periodic or continual , and withdrawal. Thus, surgical sterilization is believed to cause the spirit to be sterile in all future lives. In addition, children, especially sons, are considered a family's wealth in the traditional culture, and giving up the option of reproduction can be a hard choice to make.
Sterilization has been associated with debilitating abdominal pain by some patients and tubal ligation may prevent a woman from being able to work. The patient may also be ridiculed for having the procedure done by other Hmong men in his community.
Generally, "qoob" must be allowed to mature and grow out of the body. Parents may try to treat the illness by several ways. They may protect the child from becoming chilled and limit the child's exposure to the odor of fried foods, as chilling and strong smells can impair the illness's maturation. Parents may also try the power of khawv koob, a traditional ritual healing practice, before the implementation of more invasive Western methods.
This ritual healing involves incense burning and chanting to spirits who can help the illness mature and leave the body. For animists , it is important that no plastic or metal be buried with the body as these impair the body's complete disintegration. The body will be buried not cremated after what might be several days due to the Hmong belief that only one funeral may occur at a funeral home at a time.
The Hmong believe that the souls remain close to the body after death and do not want dead persons' souls coinciding with one another. Many animists funerals begin with a Showing the Way ritual and chanting on Friday morning and ending with burial on Monday afternoon. Playing the drum and windpipe, socializing, chanting, and eating are part of the funeral. It is important that all family members attend and view the body to ensure the deceased has died and to help the mourning process.
Due to the belief that only 1 funeral occur at a time at a funeral parlor and the length at which funerals occur, the wait for a funeral to occur may last up to four weeks, depending on the resources available to hold such funeral processions For Christians , funerals vary by denomination, with Catholic rituals building upon traditional animist practices and Evangelical denominations eschewing all references to traditional practices.
Hello : Nyob zoo My name is The shaman may also place an amulet, copper bracelet, or string around the woman's abdomen for protection against evil spirits, which should be left on in respect for the woman's belief about the items protection. Such customs include drinking water from a cup with a key in it in order to unlock the birth canal, drinking herbal remedies that increased the pregnant woman's power to push the baby out, or making 2 paper dolls and cutting them apart to separate the mother and baby's soul.
An elder woman may be requested to reposition the baby through massage and external version. If problems arise, mothers may apologize and ask forgiveness for any disrespect they may have shown toward elders in the family especially the mother-in-law mother has shown toward elders in her family especially the woman's mother-in-law in order to ease the pain of labor and delivery.
The mother-in-law then chants and touches the mother's stomach to invite the baby to be born. The father may also beg for forgiveness as well. Women and their families may accept or refuse the range of medical options i. DIET : Traditionally, Hmong woman will never ask for ice water during labor as she believes that it will cause her future health problems.
Following childbirth, the woman's diet consists of warm chicken and rice for one month, and all food must be warmed. Some women may avoid prenatal care due to the fear of receiving a vaginal exam while others will expect full prenatal care services. LIFE STYLE : Traditionally, pregnant women were encouraged to eat a healthy diet, avoiding displays of anger towards relatives, avoid lifting heavy objects, particularly above one's head, and avoid daytime naps as naps are believed to inhibit delivery of the baby.
Pregnant women should also avoid bodies of water where evil spirits reside, as a spirit may enter her vagina without her knowledge and cause a miscarriage.
Elders may also massage or reposition a baby lying in the wrong position. PLACENTA : Hmong may choose to bury the placenta at their home so that the spirit of the person can find it, once deceased, to aide in the spirits journey back into the spirit world where the ancestors reside.
If we had to discuss invasive options, who do you want to make those decisions? Although providers find it common practice to explain to families about the life expectancy of a loved one, it is experienced as a curse and disrespectful to give an approximate time frame unless specifically asked.
End-of-Life Care: Relaying a Terminal Illness Health care professionals need to understand the cultural meaning and rituals associated with dying, death, and the bereavement process of Hmong Americans.
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