When people are construing or thinking about themselves in an interdependent way, they are likely to think first and foremost about their roles in relationships e.
An interdependent self-construal, because of its emphasis on relationships and groups, is thus one in which the self is seen as fundamentally embedded in the larger social world.
Interestingly, thinking of the self in this relatively social way has been shown to influence a wide range of values, emotions, and social behavior. Interdependent self-construals were first explored primarily in terms of cultural differences, because it was found that members of East Asian and Latin American cultures were much more likely to think of the self in an interdependent way than were North Americans, and it was thought that this social way of construing the self could potentially explain some well-known cultural differences.
Of course, to say that interdependent self-construal is a causal factor in these cultural differences, one would need to be able to look at the effects of self-construal apart from culture. Everyone, regardless of cultural background, sometimes construes the self inter-dependently. For example, when individuals are playing a team sport or spending time with their family, they are more likely to construe the self as interdependent. From this, researchers found that there were ways to study the effects of self-construal directly, by encouraging people to construe the self in a more or less interdependent fashion before they engaged in other tasks.
Because the effects of experimentally manipulated self-construal were often found to be very similar to cultural differences, researchers who study self-construal can now do so in a variety of ways: Some look at members of East Asian cultures, who maintain relatively interdependent self-construals; some experimentally prime or activate interdependent self-construal; and some use personality scales to look at individual differences in interdependent self-construal.
The effects of interdependent self-construal that are reviewed in this entry have been discovered using all of these methods. Madson forwarded that many gender differences in social experience and behavior may be better understood through consideration of gender differences in independence and interdependence.
In the current studies an expansion of the model to include both relational and collective aspects of interdependence was investigated see R.
Sommer, On the basis of the literature regarding gender differences in affect, behavior, and cognition, it was hypothesized that women would focus more on the relational aspects of interdependence, whereas men would focus more on the collective aspects of interdependence.
Five studies in which gender differences in self-construals, emotional experience, selective memory, and behavioral intentions were examined supported the expansion of the model to include both relational and collective aspects of interdependence.
Are there "his" and "hers" types of interdependence? The implications of gender differences in collective versus relational interdependence for affect, behavior, and cognition. T1 - Are there "his" and "hers" types of interdependence? N2 - In a recent review, S. In the current studies, an expansion of the model to include both relational and collective aspects of interdependence was investigated see R. Sommer, On the basis of the literature regarding gender differences in affect, behavior, and cognition, it was hypothesized that women would focus more on the relational aspects of interdependence, whereas men would focus more on the collective aspects of interdependence.
Five studies in which gender differences in self-construals, emotional experience, selective memory, and behavioral intentions were examined supported the expansion of the model to Include both relational and collective aspects of interdependence. Are there "his" and "hers" types of interdependence?
The implications of gender differences in collective yersus relational interdependence for affect, behavior, and cognition. T1 - Are there "his" and "hers" types of interdependence? N2 - In a recent review, S. AB - In a recent review, S. Overview Fingerprint.
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